NURS 6521N – Epstein-Barr virus

NURS 6521N – Epstein-Barr virus

NURS 6521N – Epstein-Barr virus

(This is part of  week 7 quiz in Advanced Pharmacology)

? Question 11
1 out of 1 points

While checking lab results, the nurse remembers the normal leukocyte count is:
Selected Answer: b.
5,000-10,000/mm3
Correct Answer:

? Question 12
1 out of 1 points

A staff member wants to know where the greatest proportion of iron is located. How should the nurse respond? The greatest proportion of total body iron is located in the:
Selected Answer: a.
Erythrocytes
Correct Answer:

? Question 13
1 out of 1 points

A 67-year-old female has chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. A nurse recalls the primary cause of her anemia is:
Selected Answer: b. NURS 6521N – Epstein-Barr virus
Iron deficiency
Correct Answer:

? Question 14
1 out of 1 points

NURS 6521N – Epstein-Barr virus

How should the nurse prepare a patient who is to receive a Schilling test for pernicious anemia?
Selected Answer: a.
Administer radioactive cobalamin and measure its excretion in the urine.
Correct Answer:

? Question 15
1 out of 1 points

A 10-year-old male presents with abdominal swelling, night sweats, fever, and weight loss. He is diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma. Upon obtaining the history, which of the following is the most likely cause?
Selected Answer: d.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
Correct Answer:

? Question 16
1 out of 1 points

The nurse will check which of the following tests to directly measure iron stores?
Selected Answer: c. NURS 6521N – Epstein-Barr virus
Bone marrow biopsy
Correct Answer:

? Question 17
1 out of 1 points

A 15-year-old male is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. When the patient asks how he got this disease, how should the nurse respond? The most likely cause is:
Selected Answer: b.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
Correct Answer:

? Question 18
1 out of 1 points

A 5-year-old male was diagnosed with normocytic-normochromic anemia. Which of the following anemias does the nurse suspect the patient has?
Selected Answer: b.
Hemolytic anemia
Correct Answer:

? Question 19
1 out of 1 points

A 21-year-old female was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. In addition to fatigue and weakness, which of the following clinical signs and symptoms would she most likely exhibit?
Selected Answer: b.
Spoon-shaped nails
Correct Answer:

? Question 20
1 out of 1 points

For a patient experiencing hypersplenism, the nurse expects the erythrocytes to be:
Selected Answer: c. NURS 6521N – Epstein-Barr virus
Sequestered
Correct Answer:

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NURS 6521N Congenital Intrinsic Factor Deficiency

(This is part of  week 7 quiz in Advanced Pharmacology)

? Question 21
1 out of 1 points

A 45-year-old female undergoes a splenectomy to remove a tumor. Which of the following assessment finding is most likely to occur following surgery?
Selected Answer: a.
Leukocytosis
Correct Answer:

? Question 22
1 out of 1 points

A 10-year-old male is diagnosed with leukemia. The nurse assesses for which other condition that could be associated with his disease?
Selected Answer: a.
Down syndrome
Correct Answer:

? Question 23
1 out of 1 points

NURS 6521N Congenital Intrinsic Factor Deficiency

Which of the following individuals should the nurse assess first for a vitamin B12 deficiency anemia?
Selected Answer: c.
47-year-old male who had a gastrectomy procedure (removal of the stomach)
Correct Answer:

? Question 24
1 out of 1 points

The people from which country have the lowest risk for Hodgkin lymphoma?
Selected Answer: b.
Japan
Correct Answer:

NURS 6521N Congenital Intrinsic Factor Deficiency

? Question 25
1 out of 1 points

A newborn is diagnosed with congenital intrinsic factor deficiency. Which of the following types of anemia will the nurse see documented on the chart?
Selected Answer: b.
Pernicious anemia
Correct Answer:

? Question 26
1 out of 1 points

A 34-year-old male presents in the emergency room with extreme fatigue and shortness of breath. His skin and sclera appear to have a yellowish discoloration. These assessment findings are consistent with which type of anemia?
Selected Answer: d.
Hemolytic anemia
Correct Answer:

? Question 27
1 out of 1 points

During an infection, the nurse assesses the lymph nodes. Lymph nodes enlarge and become tender because:
Selected Answer: a.
Lymphocytes are rapidly dividing.
Correct Answer:

? Question 28
1 out of 1 points

A 5-year-old female is diagnosed with acute leukemia. The nurse will most likely treat this patient with:
Selected Answer: c.
Chemotherapy
Correct Answer:

? Question 29
1 out of 1 points

After initial compensation, what hemodynamic change should the nurse monitor for in a patient who has a reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes?
Selected Answer: d.
Hyperdynamic circulatory state
Correct Answer:

? Question 30
1 out of 1 points

An adult patient’s blood sample is analyzed in a laboratory. Assuming a normal sample, which type of white blood cell accounts for the highest percentage?
Selected Answer: a.
Neutrophils
Correct Answer:

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NURS 6521N – Infectious Mononucleosis

NURS 6521N – Infectious Mononucleosis (This is part of  week 7 quiz in Advanced Pharmacology)

? Question 31
1 out of 1 points

A 15-year-old male with infectious mononucleosis is being given instructions on how to prevent the spread of this infection to others. Which statement represents a correct instruction?
Selected Answer: b.
Do not share drinking glasses or eating utensils.
Correct Answer:

? Question 32
1 out of 1 points

A 58-year-old female presents in the clinic presenting with fatigue, weight loss, and tingling in her fingers. Laboratory findings show low hemoglobin and hematocrit, a high mean corpuscular volume, and normal plasma iron. These assessment findings are consistent with which type of anemia?
Selected Answer: b. NURS 6521N – Infectious Mononucleosis
Pernicious anemia
Correct Answer:

? Question 33
1 out of 1 points

A nurse monitors for the most common childhood cancer, which is:
Selected Answer: a.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
Correct Answer:

? Question 34
1 out of 1 points

NURS 6521N – Infectious Mononucleosis

A 65-year-old male experienced loss of appetite, weight loss, lemon-yellow skin, liver enlargement, and a beefy red tongue shortly before his death. Autopsy suggested pernicious anemia, and the cause of death would most likely reveal:
Selected Answer: c.
Heart failure
Correct Answer:

? Question 35
1 out of 1 points

In disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), the nurse assesses for active bleeding after intravascular clotting because:
Selected Answer: b.
Clotting factors are depleted. NURS 6521N – Infectious Mononucleosis
Correct Answer:

? Question 36
0 out of 0 points

When completing this quiz, did you comply with Walden University’s Code of Conduct including the expectations for academic integrity?
Selected Answer:
Yes
Correct Answer:

? Question 25
1 out of 1 points

A newborn is diagnosed with congenital intrinsic factor deficiency. Which of the following types of anemia will the nurse see documented on the chart?
Selected Answer: b.
Pernicious anemia
Correct Answer:

? Question 26
1 out of 1 points

A 34-year-old male presents in the emergency room with extreme fatigue and shortness of breath. His skin and sclera appear to have a yellowish discoloration. These assessment findings are consistent with which type of anemia? NURS 6521N – Infectious Mononucleosis
Selected Answer: d.
Hemolytic anemia
Correct Answer:

? Question 27
1 out of 1 points

During an infection, the nurse assesses the lymph nodes. Lymph nodes enlarge and become tender because:
Selected Answer: a.
Lymphocytes are rapidly dividing.
Correct Answer:

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NURS 6521N – Anaphylactic Shock

(this is part of a quiz)

Post an explanation of the physiological progression that occurs in anaphylactic shock. Then, describe the circumstances under which you would refer patients for emergency care versus treating as an outpatient. Finally, explain how the patient factors you selected might impact the process of anaphylactic shock.

Sample solution

Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially fatal, multi-organ system reaction caused by the release of chemical mediators from mast cells and basophils (Kemp & Lockey, 2002).  It is a systemic, type I hypersensitivity reaction that occurs in sensitized individuals resulting in mucocutaneous, cardiovascular, and respiratory manifestations and can often prove to be a life threatening event.  The classic form involves prior sensitization to an allergen with later re-exposure, producing symptoms via an immunologic mechanism (Mustafa & Kaliner, 2018).  Anaphylactic shock refers to an episode of anaphylaxis where the person goes into a state of shock due to poor blood circulation that deprives the body of oxygen and nutrients.

NURS 6521N – Anaphylactic Shock

Pathophysiology

Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions result from systemic release of mediators from mast cells and basophils. Again, anaphylactoid reactions are chemically and clinically indistinguishable from anaphylactic reactions except that they are not IgE mediated. These mediators consist of preformed substances stored in the granules of mast cells and basophils (e.g., histamine, tryptase, heparin, chymase, and cytokines), as well as newly synthesized molecules that are principally derived from the metabolism of arachadonic acid (Kemp et al., 2002).

Anaphylactic shock reactions are similar to other forms of medical shock. In someone experiencing a severe allergic reaction while in a life-threatening situation, it might not be possible to distinguish anaphylaxis from other causes of shock. In most people, however, the condition is easily detected because of recent exposure to an allergen (Villines, Z., 2018).

Treatment

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Conclusion

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References

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NURS 6521N – Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis

NURS 6521N – Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis

Review Chapter 37 in the Huether and McCance text and Chapter 24 in the McPhee and Hammer text. Identify the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Consider the similarities and differences of the disorders. Select two of the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how the factors you selected might impact the pathophysiology of the disorders, as well as the diagnosis of and treatment for the disorders.

Sample Solution

Osteoarthritis/ Rheumatoid Arthritis
Osteomyelitis and rheumatoid arthritis are two of the most common musculoskeletal conditions affecting individuals across the United States. Distinguished by cartilage degeneration and bony overgrowth, osteomyelitis affects approximately 13.9% of adults who are ?25 years of age.
Rheumatoid arthritis, unlike osteoarthritis, is an autoimmune condition characterized by inflammation, usually in bilateral joint, and systemic features, such as fatigue and fever (Dewing et al., 2012). Rheumatoid arthritis sufferers are typically younger than those who develop osteomyelitis, with rheumatoid arthritis occurring between 20 – 30 years of age, and the incidence peaking at 35 to 50 years of age (Dewing et al., 2012).

NURS 6521N – Pathophysiology of Osteoarthritis

Pathophysiology
Although the primary manifestations of osteomyelitis and rheumatoid arthritis involve the joints, the underlying pathophysiology of each condition is distinct. Normally, cartilage undergoes a remodeling process, stimulated by joint movement or use (Hinton et al., 2002). In osteomyelitis, this process is altered by a combination of mechanical, cellular, and biochemical processes, resulting in abnormal reparation of cartilage and an increase in cartilage degradation (Hinton et al., 2002).
Osteomyelitis is primarily characterized by progressive cartilage loss, accompanied by an increased thickness of the subchondral plate, osteophytes (new bone at joint margins) and subchondral bone cysts (Goldring et al., 2006).

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Treatment

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Conclusion

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References

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