NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz

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NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussion Digestive Disorders

Many patient symptoms can be tied to multiple disorders, which may lead to misdiagnoses. For instance, consider two digestive disorders of the gastrointestinal tract—inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. These two disorders are commonly confused because they present similar symptoms. As an advanced practice nurse, you must know the differences to properly diagnose and treat the disorders. How does the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease compare to the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome? How do treatments for the two disorders compare? NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz

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To prepare:

Review Chapter 34 in the Huether and McCance text and Chapter 13 in the McPhee and Hammer text.
Identify the pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. Think about similarities and differences between the disorders.
Consider common treatments for inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. Reflect on whether treatments for one disorder would work for the other disorder.
Select one of the following patient factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Reflect on how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of and treatments for each disorder.

Post a 1 page APA format (references within last 5 years)

A thorough explanation of the pathophysiological mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disorder and irritable bowel syndrome, including similarities and differences.
Then describe common treatments for both, addressing whether treatments for one disorder would work for the other disorder.
Finally, explain how the patient factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of and treatments for each disorder. NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz

NURS 6501 Week 8 Readings

Huether, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2012). Understanding pathophysiology (Laureate custom ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.

o Chapter 33, “Structure and Function of the Digestive System”. This chapter provides information relating to the structure and function of the digestive system. It covers the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs of digestion.

o Chapter 34, “Alterations of Digestive Function”. This chapter presents information relating to disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs of digestion. It also covers the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, evaluation, and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and irritable bowel syndrome.

o Chapter 35, “Alterations of Digestive Function in Children”. This chapter presents information relating to disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and liver that affect children. It focuses on congenital impairment, inflammatory disorders, metabolic disorders, as well as the impairment of digestion, absorption, and nutrition.

McPhee, S. J., & Hammer, G. D. (2010). Pathophysiology of disease: An introduction to clinical medicine (Laureate Education, Inc., custom ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Medical.

o Chapter 13, “Gastrointestinal Disease”. This chapter provides a foundation for exploring gastrointestinal disorders by reviewing the structure and function of the GI tract. It also describes mechanisms of regulation of GI tract disorders such as acid-peptic disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and irritable bowel syndrome.

o Chapter 14, “Liver Disease”. This chapter reviews the structure and function of the liver. It then explores the clinical presentation, etiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and clinical manifestations of three liver disorders: acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis.

o Chapter 15, “Disorders of the Exocrine Pancreas”. This chapter begins by reviewing the anatomy, histology, and physiology of the exocrine pancreas. It then examines the clinical presentation, etiology, pathology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, and pancreatic cancer.

Gasiorowska, A., Poh, C. H., & Fass, R. (2009). Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)—Is it one disease or an overlap of two disorders? Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 54(9), 1829–1834. Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. This article examines the similarities between gastroesophageal reflux disease and irritable bowel syndrome. It focuses on symptoms presented in patients with the disorders, as well as management and treatment options.

NURS 6501 Week 8 Media

Laureate Education, Inc. (Executive Producer). (2012c). The gastrointestinal system. Baltimore, MD: Author.
This media presentation outlines the pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal system and associated alterations.

Optional Resources (can find journals on theses websites)

American Liver Foundation (2011). Retrieved from http://www.liverfoundation.org/
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse. (2012). Retrieved from http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/index.aspx

NURS 6501 Week 8 Assignment 1 Gastrointestinal Tract-Disorders of Motility

Assignment 1: Gastrointestinal Tract: Disorders of Motility

Jamie is a 3-month-old female who presents with her mother for evaluation of “throwing up.” Mom reports that Jamie has been throwing up pretty much all the time since she was born. Jamie does not seem to be sick. In fact, she drinks her formula vigorously and often acts hungry. Jamie has normal soft brown bowel movements every day and, overall, seems like a happy and contented baby. She smiles readily and does not cry often. Other than the fact that she often throws up after drinking a bottle, she seems to be a very healthy, happy infant. A more precise history suggests that Jamie does not exactly throw up—she does not heave or act unwell—but rather it just seems that almost every time she drinks a bottle she regurgitates a milky substance. Mom thought that she might be allergic to her formula and switched her to a hypoallergenic formula. It didn’t appear to help at all, and now Mom is very concerned.

Cases like these are not uncommon. The mother was concerned and thinking her daughter may have an allergy; she changed to a different formula. However, sometimes babies have immature GI tracts that can lead to physiology reflux as they adapt to normal life outside the uterus. Parents often do not consider this possibility, prompting them to change formulas rather than seeking medical care. As in the case study above, GI alterations can often be difficult to identify because many cause similar symptoms. This same issue also arises with adults—adults may present with symptoms that have various potential causes. When evaluating patients, it is important for the advanced practice nurse to know the types of questions he or she needs to ask to obtain the appropriate information for diagnosis. For this reason, you must have an understanding of common GI disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and gastritis. NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz

To Prepare

Review this week’s media presentation on the gastrointestinal system.
Review Chapter 33 in the Huether and McCance text. Identify the normal pathophysiology of gastric acid stimulation and production.
Review Chapter 35 in the Huether and McCance text. Consider the pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and gastritis. Think about how these disorders are similar and different.
Select a patient factor different from the one you selected in this week’s Discussion: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior. Consider how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of GERD, PUD, and gastritis. Reflect on how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on this factor.
Review the “Mind Maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in the Week 2 Learning Resources. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct a mind map for gastritis. Consider the epidemiology and clinical presentation of gastritis.

To CompleteWrite a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

Describe the normal pathophysiology of gastric acid stimulation and production. Explain the changes that occur to gastric acid stimulation and production with GERD, PUD, and gastritis disorders.
Explain how the factor you selected might impact the pathophysiology of GERD, PUD, and gastritis. Describe how you would diagnose and prescribe treatment of these disorders for a patient based on the factor you selected.
Construct a mind map for gastritis. Include the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation, as well as the diagnosis and treatment you explained in your paper.

NURS 6501 Week 8 By Day 7 This NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz is due. Submission and Grading Information

To submit your completed Assignment for review and grading, do the following:

Please save your Assignment using the naming convention “WK8Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)” as the name.
Click the Week 8 Assignment 1 Rubric to review the Grading Criteria for the Assignment.
Click the Week 8 Assignment 1 link. You will also be able to “View Rubric” for grading criteria from this area.
Next, from the Attach File area, click on the Browse My Computer button. Find the document you saved as “WK8Assgn1+last name+first initial.(extension)” and click Open.
If applicable: From the Plagiarism Tools area, click the checkbox for I agree to submit my paper(s) to the Global Reference Database.
Click on the Submit button to complete your submission.

Grading CriteriaTo access your rubric:Week 8 Assignment 1 RubricCheck Your Assignment Draft for AuthenticityTo check your Assignment draft for authenticity:Submit your Week 8 Assignment 1 draft and review the originality report.

Submit Your Assignment by Day 7

To submit your Assignment:

NURS 6501 Week 8 Assignment 2: The Pathophysiology of Disorders

During the last 5 weeks, you have explored various body systems: neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, and hematological. These four systems work together along with other body systems to complete a myriad of functions. For this reason, when disorders occur within one body system, it can create potentially devastating effects throughout the entire body. For instance, Parkinson’s disease is a disorder of the central nervous system, yet its alterations actually affect multiple body systems from the cardiovascular system to the gastrointestinal system. In this Assignment, you examine alterations associated with disorders, as well as the impact of the alterations on multiple body systems. NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz

To Prepare

From the list below, select a disorder of interest to you:
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Asthma in children
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Congestive heart failure
- Hepatic disease (liver disease)
- Hypertension
- Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism
- Seizures
- Sepsis

Identify alterations associated with your selected disorder. Consider the pathophysiology of the alterations. Think about how these alterations produce pathophysiological changes in at least two body systems.Reflect on how patient factors such as genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior might impact the pathophysiology of the alterations you identified, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of your selected disorder. Review the “Mind maps—Dementia, Endocarditis, and Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)” media in the Week 2 Learning Resources. Use the examples in the media as a guide to construct a mind map for the disorder you selected. Consider the epidemiology and clinical presentation of your selected disorder.

To Complete

Develop a 5- to 10-slide PowerPoint presentation that addresses the following:

Describe your selected disorder, as well as associated alterations. Explain the pathophysiology of the alterations, including changes that occur in at least two body systems.
Explain how genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, and behavior might impact the pathophysiology of the alterations you identified, as well as diagnosis and treatment of your selected disorder.
Construct a mind map for the disorder you selected. Include the epidemiology, pathophysiology of alterations, risk factors, and clinical presentation, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder.

By Day 7 of Week 10

The Assignment is due.

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NURS 6501 Advanced Pathophysiology Week 8 Quiz (2018)-Walden University

Question 1 When completing this quiz, did you comply with Walden University’s Code of Conduct including the expectations for academic integrity?

Question 2 Prolonged diarrhea is more serious in children than adults because:

Question 3 A 40-year-old male develops an intestinal obstruction related to protrusion of the intestine through the inguinal ring. This condition is referred to as:

Question 4 The most common clinical manifestation of portal hypertension is _____ bleeding.

Question 5 A 10-month-old is brought to the pediatrician by the mother who states the baby has been experiencing colicky pain followed by vomiting, sweating, nausea, and irritability. Testing reveals a condition in which one part of the intestine telescopes into another. From which type of intestinal obstruction is he suffering? NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz

Question 6 In alcoholic cirrhosis, hepatocellular damage is caused by:

Question 7 A 6-month-old male infant is brought to the ER after the sudden development of abdominal pain, irritability, and vomiting followed by passing of “currant jelly” stool. Ultrasound reveals intestinal obstruction in which the ileum collapsed through the ileocecal valve and invaginated into the large intestine. This type of obstruction is referred to as:

Question 8 Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder wall usually caused by:

Question 9 Kwashiorkor is a severe dietary deficiency of:

Question 10 A 40-year-old female presents complaining of pain near the midline in the epigastrium. Assuming the pain is caused by a stimulus acting on an abdominal organ, the pain felt is classified as:

Question 11 For the patient experiencing esophageal reflux, the nurse would expect which sphincter to be malfunctioning?

Question 12 A 54-year-old male is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. This condition is most likely caused by:

Question 13 Which of the following characteristics is associated with an acute occlusion of mesenteric blood flow to the small intestine?

Question 14 Marasmus is most common in children of which age group? Question 15 Chronic gastritis is classified according to the:

Question 16 A 3-month-old female develops colicky pain, abdominal distention, and diarrhea after drinking cow’s milk. The best explanation for her symptoms is:

Question 17 A 13-year-old female confides to her mother that she binge eats and induces vomiting to prevent weight gain. This disease is referred to as:

Question 18 Where does the nurse expect the obstruction to be in a patient with extrahepatic portal hypertension?

Question 19 The primary complication of enterocolitis associated with Hirschsprung disease is related to which finding?

Question 20 Early identification and treatment for metabolic disorders is important because: Question 21 Which of the following symptoms would help a health care provider distinguish between ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease?

Question 22 A 22-year-old male underwent brain surgery to remove a tumor. Following surgery, he experienced a peptic ulcer. His ulcer is referred to as a(n) _____ ulcer.

Question 23 A 60-year-old male presents with GI bleeding and abdominal pain. He reports that he takes NSAIDs daily to prevent heart attack. Tests reveal that he has a peptic ulcer. The most likely cause of this disease is:

Question 24 Acute pancreatitis often manifests with pain to which of the following regions? NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz

Question 25 Manifestations associated with hepatic encephalopathy from chronic liver disease are the result of:

Question 26 A 20-year-old male was recently diagnosed with lactose intolerance. He eats an ice cream cone and develops diarrhea. His diarrhea can be classified as _____ diarrhea.

Question 27 The most common disorder associated with upper GI bleeding is: Question 28 The cardinal sign of pyloric stenosis caused by ulceration or tumors is:

Question 29 A 27-year-old male presents with fever, GI bleeding, hepatomegaly, and transient joint pain. He reports that as a child he received blood transfusions following a motor vehicle accident. He also indicates he was vaccinated against hepatitis B. Which of the following types of hepatitis does the clinician think he most likely has?

Question 30 A 2-month-old female with Down syndrome is diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease following family complaints of chronic constipation. The most likely cause of these symptoms is:

Question 31 The exocrine portion of the pancreas contains: Question 32 A 24-year-old male who sustained a head injury and fractured femur develops a stress ulcer. A common clinical manifestation of this ulcer is:

Question 33 A 55-year-old female has general symptoms of gallstones but is also jaundiced. IV cholangiography would most likely reveal that the gallstones are obstructing the:

Question 34 An 8-week-old male was recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following digestive alterations would be expected?

Question 35 An 8-week-old female is diagnosed with a congenital heart disease and Down syndrome. Her parents report that she has difficulty defecating. X-ray reveals anorectal malformation that causes complete obstruction often referred to as:

Question 36 Outbreaks of hepatitis _____ often occur in young children attending day care centers and can be attributed to poor hand washing. NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz

NURS 6501 Week 8 Discussions and Assignments and Quiz