Depth of Processing Assignment

Depth of Processing Assignment

Depth of Processing Assignment

Dr. Chan developed a medication that she hypothesizes will reduce the obsessive thinking in individuals with paraphilias. A colleague suggests they also examine the effect of the medication on sexual arousal. She needs to demonstrate the efficacy of this medication. She obtains permission to recruit subjects from databanks of known sex offenders.

Thirty-five people agree who met diagnostic criteria for a paraphila agreed to participate and she gives them a six-month supply of the medication and instructs them to take one pill each morning. After six-months, the subjects return to the clinic. Only thirty return and she cannot locate the other two. She finds twenty other subjects through counselor referrals. They serve as the control group and do not receive the medication. Dr. Chan tests both groups of participants on physiological measures of sexual arousal in the presences of paraphilic stimuli. She also has participants record their thoughts into a digital recorder and journal throughout the day when having thoughts of a sexual nature involving paraphilic stimuli.

She finds that the subjects who took the medication showed less sexual arousal in response to the stimuli than the control group. The researcher and her colleagues conclude that the medication is effective for the obsessive thinking and arousal in individuals with paraphilias.   Dr. Chan and her colleagues, encouraged by the original findings, decided to conduct the experiment using a double-blind procedure. Which of the following would be consistent with using a double-blind procedure? (Points : 1)

Avoid telling the participants that the medication is supposed to stop obsessive thinking.

Add a control group of individuals who do not have paraphilias and give them the medication.

Add a group of individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for paraphilias who are given a placebo and ensure that neither the participants nor those administering the post-tests and evaluating the audio and written journals know who is in the mdication group and who is in the control group.

Use the same design as in the original study but tell the subjects that the medicatio nis supposed to help a symptom other than obsessive thinking, such as mood.
===============\

A researcher decided to examine the development of second language learning using shallow-processing and deep-processing tasks. He tested 6-year-olds and 15-year-olds from the local schools. Half of the students in each age group were in the shallow-processing condition; the other half were in the deep-processing condition. The following table shows the percentage of second language words correctly used by the participatns in each of the four conditions.     An analysis reveals a statistically significant (reliable) interaction between the participants’ age and the processing condition. Which of the following statements would be the best interpretation of that interaction? (Points : 1)

Depth of processing has little or no benefit for the 6-year-olds, but substantial benefits for the 15-year-olds.

A deep level of processing is equally effective for both age groups.

As children grow older, they are better able to understand how to learning new vocabulary in a second language can be improved with a deep level of processing.

Deep processing is more effective for individuals in the concrete operations stage than for individuals in the formal operations stage.

The results of carefully controlled observations of Clever Hans and his ability to solve math problems showed that ___________. (Points : 1)

he could not do math

he could add, but he could not multiply

he was excellent in math

he was cued by the owner looking up or down

Dr. Kamau is conducting a meta-analysis of research on cultural differences in musical preferences. In addition to analyzing all journal articles from the last 10 years, she also analyzes all theses, dissertations, and conference presentations she can locate and obtain data from. Dr. Kamau is attempting to minimize which type of bias? (Points : 1)

Cultural bias

Experimenter bias

Gender bias

Publication bias

Depth of Processing Assignment

Dr. Matthews is interested in investigating gender bias among mothers. One hundred mothers were asked to rate an article in terms of its persuasiveness. The article was on the topic of education. The subjects were assigned to one of two groups. One group of 50 mothers read the article and were told that it was authored by a woman named Stephanie James. The other group of 50 mothers read the same article but were told it was authored by a man named James Stevens. After reading the article, each subject rated the article on a 7-point scale as follows.

not at all persuasive 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 very persuasive

The average rating scores were compared for the two groups; that is, the group with a female author versus the group with a male author. Results indicated that the average rating was much higher when the article was attributed to a male author than to a female author.   Indicate whether the independent and dependent variables are quantitative or qualitative. (Points : 1)
Independent variable: quantitative; dependent variable: qualitative

Independent variable: quantitative; dependent variable: quantitative

Independent variable: qualitative; dependent variable: quantitative

Independent variable: qualitative; dependent variable: qualitative

=

An experiment is performed to see if listening to different types of music while studying differentially impacts information recall. Four groups study the same material. Group 1 listens to European classical music. Group 2 listens to rock. Group 3 listens to jazz. Group 4 listens to pop. Group 5 listens to country. Group 6 studies without listening to music. The independent variable is ___________. (Points : 1)

studying

group size

type of music

information recall

Question 7 of 15

Depth of Processing Assignment

Research on extrasensory perception (ESP) has been controversial to say the least. Dr. Psychic posits that ESP is a type of intellectual skill that must be nurtured and developed like mathematical or linguistic abilities. Furthermore, he believes that hypnosis may be helpful in fostering ESP development. One standard ESP task involves the use of special cards that have only five denominations.

 

The experiment that Dr. Psychic used was to take a deck of 200 cards and have a “sender” shuffle them. The sender looks at the first card, thinks of the image on the card, and then the subject guessed what the card is. This process is repeated throughout the entire deck. ESP is measured by the number of correct guesses on the part of the subject (the receiver).

Dr. Psychic used this task with 100 military volunteers. Two conditions were used. In the first condition, 50 randomly assigned volunteers (25 males and 25 females) were hypnotized and given the task above. In the second condition, and additional 50 randomly assigned volunteers (25 males and 25 females) completed the task without being hypnotized. The average number of correct predictions was computed for the two groups. These averages turned out not to be statistically significantly different from each other and it was concluded that hypnosis does not affect ESP.

What variables are explicitly held constant by the experimenter? (Points : 1)

Images on the cards, use of hypnosis on both groups, time of day subjects were tested

Gender distribution of the two groups, same deck of cards used by both groups, use of hypnosis on both groups

Gender distribution of the two groups, use of only military subjects, same deck of cards used by both groups

None of the above—nothing was held constant by the experimenter.

A statistical technique that combines results of a large number of studies is called a(n) _____________. (Points : 1)
statistical linear [design, technique?]

quasi-experimental design

meta-analysis

experimental correlation