Sleep Deprivation Diagnosis and Management

Sleep Deprivation Diagnosis and Management

Sleep Deprivation Diagnosis and Management

Using the Health Psychology publications listed under this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings, find an article of interest published within the last 6 months.

Write a 1,050- to 1,200-word paper that includes the following:

• A brief summary of the issue presented
• The article’s strengths and weaknesses
• The source’s credibility
• The importance of critically evaluating information presented in research studies and other professional articles, postings, and publications
• The utility of this information for a behavioral health researcher

 

Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.

Cite at least three peer-reviewed sources.

Sleep Deprivation Potentiates HPA Axis Stress Reactivity in Healthy Adults Jared Minkel, Marisa Moreta, Julianne Muto, Oo Htaik, Christopher Jones, Mathias Basner, and David Dinges Online First Publication, May 12, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0034219

CITATION Minkel, J., Moreta, M., Muto, J., Htaik, O., Jones, C., Basner, M., & Dinges, D. (2014, May 12). Sleep Deprivation Potentiates HPA Axis Stress Reactivity in Healthy Adults. Health Psychology. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0034219

BRIEF REPORT

Sleep Deprivation Potentiates HPA Axis Stress Reactivity in Healthy Adults

Jared Minkel, Marisa Moreta, Julianne Muto, Oo Htaik, Christopher Jones, Mathias Basner, and David Dinges

University of Pennsylvania

Objective: This article describes an experiment that was designed to investigate the effects of sleep deprivation on physiological stress responses in healthy adults. Method: Twenty-six participants, ages 22–49, completed a 3-night laboratory experiment with randomization to one night of sleep-deprivation or a normal-sleep control condition. After a night of baseline sleep, 12 participants were sleep deprived and 14 were not. After the sleep manipulation, each participant completed the Trier Social Stress Test, a task that requires delivering a speech and performing difficult arithmetic in front of a stern, three-person panel.

The stressor was administered from 5:00 p.m.–5:30 p.m. and saliva samples were collected 20 and 5 min before (baseline) and 5, 20, and 40 min after the stressor. Samples were assayed for cortisol (a biomarker for the HPA axis) and alpha-amylase (a putative biomarker for the sympatho-adrenal medullar system). Results: Sleep deprivation was associated with higher cortisol levels at baseline (p ? .0001) and an amplified cortisol response to the stressor relative to control participants (pinteraction ? 0.0039).

Alpha-amylase showed a significant main effect of the stressor (p ? .0026), but there was no effect of sleep loss at baseline or in response to the stressor. Conclusions: Sleep deprivation is associated with both elevated resting cortisol release and with an exaggerated cortisol response to a stressor indicative of elevated HPA axis responses in healthy adults. Individual differences in the magnitude of this response may represent a risk factor for psychological and physical health consequences associated with height- ened cortisol exposure.

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Keywords: cortisol, alpha amylase, sleep deprivation, stress

Inadequate sleep is common in modern society and has been associated with impaired cognitive and emotional function (Gujar, Yoo, Hu, & Walker, 2011; Minkel, Htaik, Banks, & Dinges, 2010; Van Dongen, Maislin, Mullington, & Dinges, 2003; Yoo, Gujar, Hu, Jolesz, & Walker, 2007), but the effects of sleep deprivation on human physiological stress responses have not been investi- gated.

Several clinical syndromes involve both sleep disruption and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity, in- cluding insomnia, depression, Cushing’s syndrome, and sleep dis- ordered breathing (Balbo, Leproult, & Van Cauter, 2010), but it is not yet clear whether this association is cause or consequence of sleep problems. Previous studies have manipulated sleep duration and measured resting levels of stress hormones (e.g., Leproult). Sleep Deprivation Diagnosis and Management.