Multiple Choice 1

1. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between victimology and criminology?

A) Victimology encompasses several sub-disciplines, including criminology.

B) Victimology can be considered an area of specialization within criminology.

C) Victimologists only study the victims of crimes, and criminologists only study the offenders.

D) The two disciplines are similar but there are clearly-defined boundaries between them.

2. The essential inquiry involved when M’Naughten Rule is applied is:

A) Was the act the result or the product of a mental defect

B) Was the person able to distinguish between right and wrong at the time of the offense

C) Was the act the result of an “irresistible impulse”

D) Was the act the result of an addiction

3. According to the tenets of _____, neither the offender nor the victim is the real culprit.

A) the just world outlook

B) system blaming

C) victim blaming

D) offender blaming

4. The lower rate in violent crime, especially murder, is explained by which of the following contributing factors?

A) The U.S. economy

B) The victim’s movement

C) Three Strikes law and harsher punishments

D) A dramatic increase in the number of police officers on duty

E) All of the above

5. The most common argument made by opponents in Stage 3 of the rediscovery process is which of the following?

A) We have not gone far enough in protecting victims.

B) We have gone too far in protecting victims.

C) Victims are not defined correctly.

D) The Victims’ Movement has been exaggerated by advocate groups.

6. Arguments that the victims of a crime might share responsibility with their offenders for what happened due to facilitation, precipitation, and provocation have been characterized as:

A) just world outlook.

B) victim defending.

C) victim blaming

D) offender blaming.

7. Victimology is an interdisciplinary field that benefits from the contributions of:

A) sociologists.

B) criminologists.

C) psychologists.

D) all of the above

8. _____ refers to the practice of charging a defendant with every applicable crime committed during a single criminal incident.

A) Bedsheeting

B) Overcharging

C) Misprision of a felony

D) Perjury

9. Which of the following is a false statement about serial killers?

A) The majority appear to have experienced gradual or traumatic breaks with one or both parents while in their youth

B) They have a pervasive lack of commitment to conventional values

C) They usually do not have meaningful, close relationships with peers

D) They tend to involve themselves in drugs, alcohol and “marginal behaviors”

E) All of the above statements are true

10. According to Eysenck the foundation for criminality is:

A) The over reactive RAS.

B) Personality differences in conditionability.

C) Financial gain

D) Instrumental conditioning.

11. Which of the following behavioral characteristics is NOT typical of the psychopath?

A) Inability to give love or true affection to others

B) Unable to demonstrate genuine guilt feelings for wrongdoing.

C) Poor social skills as an adult.

D) Inability to handle school

E) Irresponsible

12. The DSM IV indicates that personality disorders have an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture. Which of the following is NOT one of the ways in which these patterns are manifested?

A) Impulse

B) Interpersonal functioning

C) Subliminal

D) Affectivity

E) Cognition

13. The social learning of violence is believed by researchers to be a direct result of:

A) Being victimized

B) Biological influences

C) Gun ownership

D) Viewing violence

E) All of the above

14. A husband has a long history of physical abuse toward his wife and children. The wife’s order of protection and previous complaint to the policehas not stopped the abuse. One night, the wife shoots the husband in his sleep. Examine this scenario from the perspectives of “victim blaming,” “victim defending,” and “system blaming.” Please explain

15. When would-be complainants experience strong pressures from their own families and friends not to come forward and tell the police what hashappened, they have experienced:

A) cultural intimidation.

B) fear of reprisal.

C) amnesia.

D) none of the above

16. The following was/were believed to be able to detect criminal predispositionby examining bumps and abnormalities on the surface of the skull.

A) Sociologists

B) Phrenologists

C) Sigmund Freud

D) Neurobiologists

E) Hans Eysenck

17. One similarity between criminologists and victimologists is that they:

A) have existed for about the same amount of time.

B) share a pro-police viewpoint.