Discussion: Professional Ethics and Law Essay

Text: Counseling Ethics and Decision Making

3rd Edition, 2007

ISBN: 10: 0131710052; 13: 9780131710054

Authors:

Robert R. Cottone, University of Missouri, St. Louis Vilia M. Tarvydas, University of Iowa

PSY511 – Professional Eth ics and the Law

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Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)

1. When there is a discussion of “theory” as related to judgments of right and wrong the discus- sion is probably one of:

a. philosophical morality

b. professional ethics

c. philosophical ethics

d. common morality

e. both band d

2. Which of the following is NOT listed in your text as part of the professional structure which governs ethics for counselors?

a. the courts

b. colleges and universities

c. professional organizations that maintain and enforce a mandatory code of ethics

d. professional regulatory bodies that are enforcers of mandatory codes

e. none of the above

3. The BEST place to find up-to-date information of currently accepted ethical practice in the field is:

a. counseling journals

b. the Internet

c. state I icense boards

d. graduate level textbooks

e. all of the above

4. can be defined as: the extent and limits of activities considered acceptable by

individuals licensed or certified in a profession or specialty.

a. Scope of practice

b. Malpractice

c. Accreditation

d. none of the above

5. Which of the following is the accrediting body for professional counseling?

AMA

AAMFT

NASW

ACA

CACREP

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PSY511 – Professional Ethics and the Law

6. The oldest established mental health profession is:

a. psychiatry

b. social work

c. marriage and fam i Iy therapy

d. psychiatric nursing

e. psychotherapy

7. Which of the following degrees does NOT indicate legitimate doctoral level training to be a I icensed Psychologist?

Ph.D.

Ed.D.

M.D.

Psy.D

8. Which professional organization represents marriage and family therapists?

ACA

AAMFT

APA

ABPS

none of the above

9. Which professional(s) can NOT legitimately, by nature of standard training and practice, per- form psychometric assessment?

a. marriage and fam i Iy therapist

b. counselor

c. psychologist

d. social worker

e. none of the above

10. The ABPP and ASPS credential applies to which field of mental health specialty?

a. Marriage and family therapy

b. Social work

c. Psych iatry

d. Psychiatric nursing

e. none of the above

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PSY511 – Professional Ethics and the Law

1l. Informed consent generally requires that the counselor should reveal to the client information about:

a. the counselor’s credentials or training.

b. alternative treatments.

c. the potential benefits or detriments of treatment.

d. all of the above

12. A counselor’s primary responsibility is to the:

a. third party referral source.

b. judge who subpoenas a case file.

c. family of a competent adult client seen in individual counseling.

d. professional setting (employer) where the counselor works.

e. none of the above

13. Which of the following IS FALSE?

a. The primary responsibility of the counselor is to the referral source.

b. Nonprofessional counselor-cl ient relationshi ps shou Id be avoided when possi ble.

c. Services must be fully described and explained to clients before they consent to treat- ment.

d. Sexual intimacy with clients is unethical.

14. Professional competence by definition involves:

a. the quality of provided services

b. informed consent

c. confidentiality

d. boundaries of professional activity

e. both a and d

15. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

a. Counselors can ethically practice any specialty in counseling, even without appropriate specialty training, if it is within the scope of practice of their license.

b. Cottone and Tarvydas believe the terms “dual” and “multiple” relationships should be abandoned.

c. Avoiding detrimental relationships with clients relates to the ethical principle of justice more than non maleficence.

d. People who refuse recommended counseling services must be coerced.

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PSY511 – Professional Ethics and the Law

16. When a judge orders an ex offender to undergo therapy as part of the ex offender’s rehabilita- tion, this is called:

a. expert order of protection

b. legal privilege

c. professional responsibi I ity

d. compulsory therapy

17. The Supreme Court decision in Jaffee v. Redmond provided what type of assistance to psycho- therapists in federal court cases?

a. eliminated their responsibility to testify as expert witnesses

b. upheld their abi I ity to mai ntain confidential information through assertion of legal privi- lege

c. eliminated their ability to assert privilege in communication with clients

d. instructed counselors that privi lege only exists between attorneys and their cl ients, not between counselors and their clients

18. Which of the following is an example of special circumstances that counselors may be faced with in relation to confidentiality and privilege?

a. counseling persons with HIV/AIDS

b. family/couples counseling

c. clients in drug/alcohol treatment

d. all of the above

19. An exception to confidentiality for psychologists and counselors serving in the military exists and focuses on which area most clearly?

a. responsi bi I ity to report generally negative attitudes of officers and enl isted personnel

b. report threats to military installations, weapons and integrity even when threats to specific persons have not been made

c. to report all counseling activities regardless of the content to their superiors on a regular basis

d. none of the above

20. According to Welch (2003), one of the most common types of malpractice liability in treat- ment services for mental health professionals is:

a. fraudulent billing

b. family treatment and forensic situations

c. dual relationships

d. group counseling

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PSY511 – Professional Ethics and the Law

21. According to Arthur and Swanson (1993). clinical records should be written to include which of the followi ng?

a. clear objective statements with behavioral descriptions

b. professional terminology not easily interpreted by legal counsel

c. jargon that does not clearly specify behavioral outcomes

d. little objective information; subjective thoughts of the counselor are of most importance

22. When assessing a client’s potential for harm, Beauchamp and Childress recommend the coun- selor assess primarily which elements?

a. probabi I ity of harm

b. magnitude of harm

c. physical vs. psychological nature of harm

d. both a and b are correct

23. Counselor values tend to determine the of counseling.

a. content

b. process

c. level of professional ism

d. lack of progress

24. Client values determine the of counseling.

a. process

b. level of progress

c. content

d. all of the above

25. Objectively applying a system of ethical rules and principles that a counselor may use to deter-

mine a right or moral decision about an ethical dilemma would be considered _

a. ethics of caring

b. virtue ethics

c. principle ethics

d. none of the above

PSY511 – Professional Ethics and the Law

Written Assignment for Unit One

Be sure to refer to the course syllabus for instructions on format, length, and other information on how to complete this assignment.

Please answer ONE of the following:

1. Examine the evolution of counseling and counseling psychology. Include the similarities, the dif- ferences, and the influence of the development in history over time upon current practice.

2. Analyze the roles of the different professionals within the mental health professions. What are their roles, levels of education, and primary functions in providing mental health treatment? Which professionals may seek specialty certification?

3. Analyze the Jaffee v. Redmond (1996) case and the implications this case has had for commu- nication between counselor and client.

4. Compare the similarities and differences amongst the concepts of Relational Values, Virtues, and Ethics of Care? Give examples that illustrate each concept.

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PSY511 – Professional Ethics and the Law

Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet)

1. Why is practice in solving mock ethical dilemmas, as well as working to address actual dilem- mas under supervision of an educator or experienced clinician important?

a. Because ethical decision making skills are very easily learned.

b. Ethical situations happen infrequently and counselors shouldn’t worry so much about them.

c. Ethical decision making skills do not come automatically or easily and require practice, supervision and diligence in learning.

d. Because you will never be able to come up with the “correct” answer.

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2. The ethical decision-making model introduced by Cottone is based upon what theoretical model?

a. general psychologically based models

b. post-positivism

c. social constructivism

d. none of the above

3. What does social constructivism mean to ethical decision making?

a. Decisions cannot be viewed as occurring internally (by an individual in isolation).

b. Decisions must be selected by the counselor weighing internal feelings and cognitions.

c. Decisions are best when made by a single individual.

d. Counselors must deliberate over a decision for a lengthy period of time.

4. Ethical decision making models often provide a series of steps for making an ethical choice, however they may fail to describe which of the following:

a. the consequences that can occur when an ineffective course of action is taken

b. how the choice in a specific course of action occurs (an exploratory framework for the deci- sion process itself)

c. how values are weighed by the decision maker

d. a II of the above are correct

5. In the social constructivism model, the decision to breach an ethical standard or a challenge to a counselor’s professional ethics is a decision that is derived from past and present interac- tions. Which of the following forces come into play in this situation?

a. biological and social forces that affect interactions in one way or the other

b. biological forces

c. social forces

d. psychological determinants

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PSY511 – Professional Ethics and the Law

6. According to the social constructivism process in ethical decision making, when consensualizing fails, then parties may engage in reflective interaction to accomplish:

a. an agreement on the decision to be made

b. to determine whether arbitration should be undertaken

c. be able to make the decision on their own

d. to hold firm to their original position

7. Cottone’s model of ethical decision making is based on:

a. purely social-relational theory

b. purely relational model

c. ethical principles

d. psychologically-based ethical decision making

8. When colleagues engage in bullying, harassment, or emotional abuse of an individual within the workplace, this would be described as:

a. a normal difference of opinion that occasionally occurs within a workplace

b. a case of mobbing within an organizational culture

c. relational issues that are normal when people work closely with one another

d. individuals who are experiencing conflict due to holding similar values

9. Which of the following characteristics may place a work environment at risk for mobbing?

a. having more staff than is necessary (overstaffing)

b. increased stress in the workplace

c. unethical activities

d. both band c are correct

10. Several states have acknowledged that mental injury can result from excessive stress on the job and this phenomenon has been called:

a. mental health injury

b. overstress syndrome

c. organizational mental injury

d. occupational mental injury

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PSY511 – Professional Ethics and the Law

11. Wh ich of the followi ng may happen to a counselor that assumes the role of a “whistleblower”?

a. mobbing

b. mixed support from superiors and administration

c. potential life changing experience and increased stress

d. all of the above

12. At present there are several corporations that are establishing company policies that support an individual’s right to be employed in an environment that is free from mobbing.

a. True, this is happening at present.

b. False that is something for the future.

c. False, it would never work. Discussion: Professional Ethics and Law Essay

Discussion: Professional Ethics and Law Essay