NURS 6501 Wk5 Cardiovascular Alteration Case Scenarios

NURS 6501 Wk5 Cardiovascular Alteration Case Scenarios

NURS 6501 Wk5 Cardiovascular Alteration Case Scenarios sample discussion solution

Although exercise is one of the most powerful tools for fighting cardiac disease, it can also cause sudden cardiac death. Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the most frequent medical cause of sudden death in athletes, and estimates vary widely based on the population (Wasfy, Hutter, & Weiner, 2016). Heart issues often go undiagnosed in athletes even though they have been medically cleared to engage in sports.

Scenario Considerations

            In the scenario presented a 16-year-old teen came to the clinic for a sports physical. During the assessment the nurse hears a grade II systolic heart murmur which can be auscultated loudest at the apex of the heart. To diagnose this patient, the provider would need to listen to the sound, location, and duration of the murmur and take the patient’s medical and family history into consideration to determine if the murmur is harmless, or the result of a more serious condition (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2016).  Murmurs are graded from 1-6, with 1 being very faint and 6 being the loudest (American Heart Association, 2016). This patient has a grade 2 murmur, and according to the American Heart Association, quiet murmurs such as grade 1-2 are more likely to be benign.

Treatment

The patient should get further testing done to examine how exertion will impact the heart. A stress test should be ordered to demonstrate how the heart performs during physical activity or exercise (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2016). In children, a murmur is typically caused by a congenital heart defect or valve abnormality (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2016). In adults, valvular lesions are the primary cause (Hammer & McPhee, 2014). Depending on the cause of the murmur as well as the results of the stress test will determine the appropriate treatment if any needed for the patient. Though treatment may not be needed the patient may be restricted from strenuous activity such as sports.

Patient Factor

This patient is a 16-year-old male who plays sports, so behavior is a significant factor that affects his diagnosis and treatment. …

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